'Water flows and does not overflow' to 'without losing its trust.' The Sub-commentary states: This explains the meanings of 'doubled danger' and 'The Abysmal Repeated.'
'Water flows and does not overflow' means that since the pitfall is extreme and the gorge is exceptionally deep, water cannot fill it even though it pours in continuously; this speaks of the extremity of danger, explaining the meaning of 'doubled danger.'
'Treading through danger without losing its trust' means navigating this utmost danger while keeping one's central rigidity without losing sincerity. This explains the meanings of 'The Abysmal Repeated' and 'possessing sincerity.'
Because one is thoroughly practiced in danger, one preserves central rigidity 'without losing trust.'
As for the commentary from 'the steepness of the peril is at its peak' to 'what The Abysmal Repeated means,' the Sub-commentary states: 'The steepness of the peril is at its peak; thus water flows without overflowing' means that if it were a shallow bank or a level valley, flowing water could fill it to overflowing.
If the cliffs and banks are steep and precipitous, and the ravines leak away, flowing water can never fill it; this represents peril at its extreme.
The Sub-commentary states: 'Only the heart penetrates is due to central rigidity' explains the meaning of 'only the heart penetrates.' Because rigidity is in the center, only the heart achieves penetration.
'Action brings esteem, going forth brings merit' explains 'action brings esteem.' Having become practiced in the pit and going forth into perilous terrain, one will surely achieve merit; hence 'action brings esteem, going forth brings merit.'
The Sub-commentary states: From here downward, the use of danger is broadly clarified. It says that Heaven's danger is hanging aloft, distant and high, and cannot be climbed; this is Heaven's danger.
If it could be climbed, its awe-inspiring dignity could not be preserved; hence 'cannot be climbed' is its 'danger.' The Sub-commentary states: It says Earth takes mountains, rivers, hills, and mounds as its dangers, thereby keeping the things supported by Earth safe and whole.
Without mountains, rivers, hills, and mounds, the things supported by Earth would lose their nature. Therefore, Earth takes mountains, rivers, hills, and mounds as its dangers.
The Sub-commentary states: It says kings and princes take Heaven and Earth as models, fortifying their walls and moats, and making strict their laws and decrees, in order to preserve their states.
The Sub-commentary states: This says that from Heaven and Earth on down, nothing can dispense with danger; though danger is used only at certain times, its merit is magnificent and great!
As for the commentary 'not the ordinary state of a nation; its use is timely,' the Sub-commentary states: while the 'danger of Heaven' and 'danger of Earth' cannot be absent for even a moment, this refers to human beings establishing danger, the use of which is timely.
When transforming influence is harmonious and government is orderly, and inside and outside are peaceful, one does not employ danger. When the house or state faces peril and one must establish defenses against distress, that is when 'its use is timely.'