The initial line, with yin dimness dwelling at the bottom, represents the folly of the common people. The line discusses the method of dispelling it.
To dispel the folly of the common people, one must make penal prohibitions clear to show them, causing them to know fear, and only then proceed to guide and educate them.
Since antiquity, sage-kings in governing established punishments to unify the multitude and clarified moral teachings to improve customs.
Only after punishments were established could moral transformation proceed; though the sage valued virtue over punishment, he never neglected either.
Therefore, at the inception of governance, establishing laws comes first; at the onset of treating folly, inspiring awe through punishment is the means to strip away the shackles of dark ignorance. Shackles refer to restraint.
If one does not strip away the shackles of dark ignorance, good instruction has no way to enter. Once led by penal prohibitions, even if their minds do not yet fully comprehend, they will fear authority and comply, not daring to indulge their foolish desires.
Afterwards, they gradually come to know the good path and reform their crooked minds, which can then transform customs and habits.
If one relies solely on punishment for governance, the ignorant, though fearful, will ultimately never be enlightened; they may evade punishment without a sense of shame, and transformative order can never be achieved. Hence, 'advancing brings humiliation.'