East Almanac
English

21. Biting Through (噬嗑)

Line 4

If this line changes it transforms into 27. Nourishment (颐)

Modern reading

Line 4 of Hexagram 21 represents the difficult struggle of biting through tough bone to extract the golden arrow of truth and principle. It signifies that enduring severe trial with unyielding integrity ultimately delivers hard-won clarity.

Ask your AI about this page

Links prefill your prompt without sending it — you stay in control. If a link fails, copy the prompt below.

Prompt preview
I Ching / BaZi reading request (from eastalmanac.com).
Page: Hexagram 21 噬嗑 — Line 4.
Interpret through classical principles in two layers: 1) Structural Evidence: identify key line dynamics, changing line pivot, or element balance. 2) Actionable Verdict: direct answer to the inquiry in plain language, followed by 2–3 concrete next steps (action-verb first) and mindful cautions. Grounded wisdom for self-reflection. Source page:
https://eastalmanac.com/yijing/21/4

I Ching casting

In classical analysis, the fourth yang line confronts the toughest resistance within the hexagram, symbolized by biting into gristle and discovering a golden arrow.

The Xiang commentary notes that the light is not yet fully bright, warning that breakthrough demands meticulous endurance rather than hasty triumph. Pushing through stubborn friction with disciplined integrity turns a grueling impasse into a principled victory.

Career

In professional contexts, this line indicates undertaking the most demanding operational bottlenecks, audits, or contentious structural negotiations. Classical commentary underscores that lasting success cannot be rushed when handling deep-seated irregularities.

Maintaining rigorous documentation and impartial standards will guide you through complex institutional resistance to a solid resolution.

Love & relationships

In relationship dynamics, the image suggests grappling with an entrenched misunderstanding or long-standing family pressure that feels rigid and unyielding. The classical counsel advises facing these painful frictions with transparent honesty rather than evading the discomfort.

Working together through deep-rooted grievances strengthens mutual trust and builds an unshakeable bond.

Wealth

Regarding financial matters, this position corresponds to resolving tangled debts, contract disputes, or difficult asset restructuring that demands painstaking effort.

Classical guidance highlights that asserting legal rights and adhering to standard compliance will eventually secure due compensation. Patience through bureaucratic delays protects your legitimate claims against severe headwinds.

References

Original text

Line statement

4. The fourth line, undivided, shows one gnawing the flesh dried on the bone, and getting the pledges of money and arrows. It will be advantageous to him to realise the difficulty of his task and be firm,—in which case there will be good fortune.

Small Image

‘It will be advantageous to him to realise the difficulty of his task and be firm, in which case there will be good fortune:’—his light has not yet been sufficiently displayed.

Classical commentary

Zhouyi BenyiLine statement

Pronunciation: Qian is pronounced gan; zi is pronounced zi-mei. Zi refers to meat with bone attached, interchangeable with zi. According to the Rites of Zhou, in legal lawsuits, one deposits thirty catties of metal and a bundle of arrows before the case is heard.

Nine in the fourth place, being firm and dwelling in a yielding place, attains the proper way to administer punishment; hence it has this image. It signifies that what is bitten is even tougher, but one obtains the proper means of hearing lawsuits.

However, it must be advantageous to persevere through hardship, and then there will be good fortune. It cautions the diviner that he should act in this manner.

Yichuan YizhuanLine statement

Nine in the fourth place occupies a position close to the ruler and bears the responsibility of Biting Through.

The fourth line is already past the center, meaning the obstruction is even greater and the punishment is applied even more deeply; hence it says: "Biting into dried gristly meat."

Zi refers to meat connected to bone; dried meat containing bone is extremely hard and difficult to bite through. In biting through the hardest substance, one obtains metal and arrows. Metal represents firmness, and arrows represent straightness.

Nine in the fourth place has yang virtue that is firm and upright, attaining the dao of firmness and uprightness.

Although it uses the dao of firmness and uprightness, it is advantageous to overcome hardship in the matter and steadfastly maintain one's integrity, and then there will be good fortune.

Nine in the fourth place is firm and belongs to the body of brightness, a yang line dwelling in a yielding place: being firm and bright, it might err on the side of rash decisiveness, so it is cautioned to recognize hardship; dwelling in a yielding place, its resolve might not be firm, so it is cautioned to maintain steadfast perseverance.

There are those who are firm but not persevering; whoever loses firmness fails to be persevering. In Biting Through, the fourth line is the best.

Yichuan YizhuanSmall Image

Whenever it is said "not yet glorious," it means its dao is not yet glorious and great. The caution to find advantage in hardship and perseverance is precisely because of what it lacks, for it has not attained Central Position and Correct Position.

Six in the fifth place: Biting into dried meat, he obtains yellow gold. Persevering in awareness of danger, no blame.

The fifth line is higher up in the hexagram, yet it bites dried meat, which is actually easier than the dried gristly meat of the fourth line, because the fifth line occupies the honored position: relying on the momentum of being on high to punish those below, its momentum makes it easy.

But being near the hexagram's culmination, the obstruction is very large and not easy to bite through; hence it is biting dried meat. "Obtains yellow gold": yellow is the color of the center, and metal/gold is a firm substance.

The fifth line dwelling in the center attains the central dao; occupying a firm place while the fourth line assists it with firmness is obtaining yellow gold.

The fifth line has no proper correspondence, but the fourth line occupies the position of a great minister, so the fifth line obtains its aid.

"Persevering in awareness of danger, no blame": although Six in the fifth place occupies a central and firm position, its substance is actually yielding; therefore it is cautioned that it must be correct and steadfast, harboring a sense of danger and severity, and then it will attain freedom from blame.

When a yielding line occupies the honored position in the time of Biting Through, how could it not be steadfast and persevere, harboring danger and awe?

Zhouyi ZhuLine statement

Although it is a yang line, it is the master of the yin lines. Treading without attaining the center and dwelling in an improper position, when biting into things like this, they will not submit; hence it is said: "Biting into dried gristly meat."

Metal is firmness, and arrows are uprightness.

In "biting into dried gristly meat" one attains firmness and uprightness, which makes it advantageous to attain the good fortune of persevering through hardship, but it is not yet sufficient to fully realize the dao of penetrating principle.

Zhouyi ZhengyiLine statement

Correct Meaning: Regarding "Biting into dried gristly meat": dried gristly meat is dried pieces of meat with bone.

Treading without attaining the center and dwelling in an improper position, when governing things in this way, they do not submit, just like "biting into dried gristly meat." "Obtains metal and arrows": metal is firmness; arrows are uprightness.

Although its punishment cannot fully subdue things, it can attain firmness and uprightness.

"Advantageous in hardship and perseverance, good fortune": having attained firmness and uprightness, it is advantageous to persevere through hardship and preserve correctness for good fortune; yet it cannot yet expand and illuminate the dao of penetrating principle, hence the Image says "not yet glorious."

Sources